Purwadi, P., Othman Bin Mohd and Nor Azman Bin Abu 2026. Cold-Start Generalization in Educational Interaction Data: Comparing Student-Wise and Question-Wise Splits with Probabilistic Calibration. International Journal of Machine Learning (IJOML). 1, 1 (Jan. 2026), 38–50. DOI:https://doi.org/10.66472/ijoml.v1i1.4.